Kyrgyzstan (Geography)
Kyrgyzstan is a distinct mountain country with opulent nature; it has been
called "Switzerland of Asia". Several large mountain ranges characterize the
landscape; to the east and south Tian Shan with the country's highest peak on
the border with China (Pobjedy, 7439 m), to the west Alaj, which is a northern
tributary of the Pamir (Pik Lenina, 7134 m, on the border with Tajikistan), and
to the NW several smaller mountain ranges towards the great steppe of
Kazakhstan. Farthest to the west, the country slopes down towards the Fergana
Valleyin Uzbekistan. The climate is everywhere strictly mainland climate with
cold winters and otherwise dictated by the mountain landscape with large local
temperature and precipitation differences; only in the Fergana Valley there is a
subtropical climate. The summers are hot and sunny in most places. The large
high mountain areas contain numerous glaciers, a total of over 6000 km2,
and larger areas are covered by plateaus with sparse vegetation. Only 3% of the
area is forested, and a similar area is cultivated. The agricultural areas are
located mainly to the north around Lake Issyk-Kyl and by the capital Bishkek as
well as on the rainy slopes down to the Fergana Valley.
Population
Kyrgyzstan is a multiethnic society. According to
AllCityPopulation.com, 52% of the
population are Kyrgyz, while Russians and Uzbeks make up numerous
minorities; in addition there are a large number of small local peoples in
addition to smaller groups of Volga Germans; they were deported here during
World War II, and some chose to stay. The country has a tradition of peaceful
coexistence between the peoples, but in 1990 there were ethnic clashes between
Kyrgyz and Uzbeks in the town of Osj.near the border with Uzbekistan, where the
Uzbeks make up the majority; the dispute revolved around housing and land. In
June 2010, there were violent riots between Kyrgyz and Uzbeks in the south of
the country, especially around Jalalabad and Osj. Several hundred were killed
and approximately 100,000 Uzbeks fled to Uzbekistan.
- Countryaah:
Do you know how many people there are in Kyrgyzstan? Check this site to see
population pyramid and resident density about this country.
In general, the country is sparsely and very unevenly populated; the largest
population concentration is found in the Tju Valley near Bishkek. It is
noteworthy that 2/3 of its population. The natural
population growth of approximately 1% per year reflects a low mortality rate and a
fairly high birth rate.
Industries
Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Kyrgyz
economy is in deep crisis. During the Soviet era, the country underwent a
versatile industrialization with close ties to neighboring republics and
especially to Russia. Now many connections to both suppliers and customers have
been severed, and industrial production fell sharply in the 1990's; this decline
continued after 2000, and industry in 2004 provided only 17.5% of GDP. Important
industries are the mechanical, chemical and plastics industries; which are
produced mining equipment for own deposits of iron, mercury, antimony,
tin and gold. The country has large hydropower resources, of which only
approximately 10% is utilized. The rest of the energy supply is mainly based on
imports, although there are smaller deposits of oil, natural gas and coal. It is
a major problem that businesses and households steal electricity;
Agriculture plays an important role for the economy; private use accounts for
40% of production, which in 2004 accounted for 37% of GDP. In the mountain
areas, sheep and cattle breeding is most important, while the majority of the
limited arable land is irrigated. Here, among other things, wheat, barley,
potatoes and sugar beet; tobacco and cotton are important sales crops.
Transport. Only Bishkek and the Tju Valley have a railway connection
to the outside world, and there are only a few roads in the mountainous
country. A main road from Bishkek to Naryn in the Tian Shan Mountains continues
to Kashgar in China, and a new eastern route now connects the second largest
city of Osh directly with Bishkek. Previously, the two cities were only
connected through Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. Several mountain roads are part of
the extensive network of drug routes north of Afghanistan.
Kyrgyzstan - language
The official language is Kyrgyz, which is the largest language and is spoken
by over 2 million people. In addition, Russian, spoken by approximately 1.4
million (1996) and is used in most business and official contexts. In addition,
the Turkish languages are spoken Uzbek, Uyghur and Tatar as well as Ukrainian
and German.
Kyrgyzstan - Constitution
The Constitution of the Republic is from 1993 with amendments from 2003. The
legislative power lies with a unicameral parliament with 75 members, elected for
five years by ordinary, direct elections.
The executive power lies with the president, who is elected by direct
election for a five-year term, and can be re-elected immediately for another
term. The president is also commander-in-chief of the defense.
The government is headed by a prime minister, who is appointed by the
president but has to be approved by parliament. The other ministers may, on the
proposal of the Prime Minister, appoint the President without the approval of
Parliament. The Prime Minister is also empowered to appoint and dismiss
ministers. The President controls the work of the Government and has the right
to chair its meetings. There is also a constitutional council.
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